Your client is the Knight’s Watch Municipality. Their governor, John Snow, has engaged you, explaining that an evil army composed of White Walkers plans to destroy all of Westeros. He tells you that the Northern Kingdom is the only fortress capable of stopping this force. However, the wall is severely damaged from previous battles. Governor Snow needs our help determining what steps to take in repairing the wall before the White Walkers arrive.
Case-Frage:
Strukturvorschlag
Recognize this as a cost case, but one that must first identify the municipality’s budget and means for generating funding. Push to first tackle the construction costs after initially brainstorming ways to determine the timeline and cost of construction for Governor Snow.
Q2.) Governor John Snow would like to do an initial cost estimate before approaching contractors. What is the projected cost of the wall repairs in Westeros?
Share Exhibit 1 with the candidate. The candidate should notice that the costs given can be subset into fixed and variable costs, with the variable cost's dependent upon further information, including number of FTEs, number of hours, and number of square feet required to repair. Upon request, provide the candidate with the additional information (seen below). If the candidate does not follow up with questions, push candidate toward what additional information they believe is necessary to calculate final cost given the cost items in Exhibit 1.
Additional information to provide upon request:
- Estimated # of FTEs: 120
- Estimated hours per FTE: 40 hour's p/ week p/ FTE
- Estimated length of project: 8 months
- Estimated square footage: 6,000 feet
- Number of feet per meter: 3.2 (candidate should round to 3)
Notice that the costs given can be subset into fixed and variable, with the variable cost's dependent upon further information, including number of FTEs, number of hours, and number of square feet required to repair.
Use additional information to calculate the estimated total cost of the wall repairs.
Number of meters of wall: 6,000 feet / 3 meters per foot = 2,000 meters
Variable Cost of Labor: (120 FTE * 40 hours p/ week * 4 weeks p/ month * 8 months * $35.00 p/hr) = $5,376,000
Variable Cost of Materials: (2000 mtr. * $50.00 p/ mtr.) + (2,000 mtr. * $75.00 p/ mtr.) = $250,000
Fixed Cost: $2,000,000 + $500,000 + $2,000,000 + $2,750,000 = $12,250,000
Total Cost: $5,376,000+ $250,000+ $10,250,000 = $17,876,000
It is acceptable to round to $18M as the expected budget
Q3.) How much tax revenue can the Municipality generate for the project if their budget is restricted to allocating .02% of revenue towards infrastructure projects?
Share Exhibit 2 with the candidate. Answer the below clarifying questions if they arise:
- Do they differentiate between single and married filers? No.
- Do people only pay 30% tax on 150k for any income above 150k? Yes.
- Is there any information about population, income, or tax rates growing over time? No. For this calculation we will only be focused on this year's data.
Provide the additional information regarding population if asked. If the candidate does not inquire, push them to identify any missing info they may need to run the calculation required to answer the question. It is acceptable for the candidate to round to 10m people:
- Knight's Watch Total Population: 9,976,500
Start by rounding the population to 10M and average the taxable income.
Structure your math in table form and work through each piece as shown in the solution exhibit.
Q4.) Given the cost and tax revenue, Governor Snow submitted a statement of work and received 6 bids from contractors. Which contractor should Governor Snow choose?
Provide Exhibit 3 to candidate.
Note that Lannister Brothers LLC and Mother of Dragons LLC exceed the estimated time until the White Walkers arrive.
Additionally, the Westeros Construction and Dothraki Development exceed available funding as well as expected cost calculated previously.
Then assess pros and cons of Sansa Sisters LLP and Winterfell Wolves Contractors before identifying that Winterfell Wolves Contractors are a preferred choice given that they are domestically based (less risk) with slightly higher quality ratings (indicated by bubble size).
Q5.) The Iron Bank of Braavos approaches with an offer to provide a $5M loan. What factors should you consider when deciding whether Governor Snow should accept the loan?
Structure the brainstorming (pros vs cons, short-term vs long-term options), and finish by driving the case forward to determine whether the loan would impact the prior decision from Exhibit 3.
This would allow Governor Snow enough funding to contract Westeros Construction with a similar timeframe and enhanced quality score compared to Winterfell Wolves Contracting. Note that the $20M for Westeros Construction is ~$2M above the budgeted costs and weigh the impact this may have on Governor Snow successfully selling the project to stakeholders.
Push the candidate to structure their brainstorming if the do not do so automatically.
Q6.) We are meeting with John Snow shortly regarding our findings, what do you think we should recommend?
Recommendation:
•Knights Watch Municipality should accept the bank loan and contract the construction work to Westeros Construction because they offer the highest quality while staying within the timeframe of 12 months before the White Walkers arrive.
Risks:
•Construction costs above estimated budget ($20M costs vs. $18M estimate), is a harder sell to internal stakeholders
•Requirement to accept debt financing ($5M) with associated interest loan and risk of default
•Westeros Construction is not the fastest company, risking of overrun in time beyond 12 month required deadline
Next Steps:
•Establish effective project plan and timeline with contractor to verify work progresses without issue.
Winter Wall Revival: Advising Knight’s Watch Municipality on Public Sector Strategy
i