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Seeking Input: Structured Framework for Pre-Engagement Company Analysis (Before Valuation / Strategy Work)

Hi all,

I’m in the process of refining a structured framework I use to analyze companies at a fundamental level before diving into strategy design, transformation planning, or financial valuation.

The core idea: Before making recommendations, designing initiatives, or building models, I want to fully understand the business - its market context, customer dynamics, competitive positioning, operational levers, and risk landscape. The framework is designed to be adaptable across industries and types of engagements (M&A, growth strategy, operational improvement, etc.).

Why I’m posting

👉 I’d really appreciate feedback from the PrepLounge community on:

  1. Are there dimensions or angles you’d add / refine / drop?
  2. How do you structure your qualitative business understanding before starting a client engagement?
  3. Any frameworks, tools, or best practices you find particularly effective in building a comprehensive business diagnosis (especially for MBB-style work or top-tier boutique engagements)?
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Top answer
Mihir
Coach
on Jun 22, 2025
McKinsey Associate Partner and interviewer | Bulletproof MBB prep

1. This is relatively complete - but this kind of framework is not really used in most MBB engagements (including large-scale diagnostic work). Rather than having a one-size-fits-all mega-framework, we would develop a much more targeted, company specific issue tree, perhaps 1/2 the size of yours for a 6-10 week strategy engagement. The framework mentioned above will lead to ‘boiling the ocean’.

2. This really depends on the information available from analyst reports, market reports, company data, and any other publicly available evaluations. We’ll determine how to organize the data based on what we get. A common way is to group relevant data by ‘market, customer, competitor, company’ with some buckets within each one.

3. My advice would be to get familiar with hypothesis-driven problem solving techniques. Most strategic MBB projects rely on hypothesis-driven thinking.

Anonymous A
on Jun 22, 2025
Thanks - really helpful points. I agree my framework risks boiling the ocean; my intent was to build a library to draw from, not apply everything at once.

Would love to see a specific framework or example you’ve used if you’re willing to share.

You’re absolutely right about the need for focused issue trees and hypothesis-driven thinking - that’s something I’m keen to strengthen. If you have tips or go-to resources on building sharp issue trees, I’d really appreciate it.

Appreciate you taking the time!
Hagen
Coach
edited on Jun 23, 2025
#1 recommended coach | >95% success rate | 9+ years consulting, interviewing and coaching experience

Hi there,

I would be happy to share my thoughts on your questions:

  • First of all, is this a structure for a case study or for investing, as the top box in the exhibit shows?

    If it's the former, it's unfortunately not possible to draw down the entire initial structure in two to three minutes, let alone that it's not specific to the client situation.

    However, if it is the latter, you may certainly proceed with a structure like this. I'd still like to add that the vast majority of long-only investors underperform their benchmarks.

  • Moreover, I would strongly advise you to consider working with an experienced coach like me on your consulting structuring skills if this is what you're interested in. I developed the "Case Structuring Program" to help exactly such candidates like you.

If you would like a more detailed discussion on your specific situation, please don't hesitate to contact me directly.

Best,

Hagen

Anonymous A
on Jun 23, 2025
Hi Hagen,

Thanks for taking the time to share your thoughts - I really appreciate your detailed feedback. That’s a great clarifying question!

The structure I shared is meant to reflect an internal framework one can use before starting an engagement - whether it’s project-based client work in consulting or, from a valuation perspective, a qualitative deep-dive into the business to build a solid understanding before tying numbers to the story. Think of it as a holistic toolbox designed to help get a thorough grasp of the business on the qualitative side before diving into the detailed work, whether for consulting, valuation, or broader investment banking purposes.
Hagen
Coach
on Jun 23, 2025
#1 recommended coach | >95% success rate | 9+ years consulting, interviewing and coaching experience
I understand, and it certainly serves as a great universal toolbox. However, you shouldn't use it for a consulting case study interview because they require a much more customized structure. Great job laying out such an intricate framework!
Alessa
Coach
on Jun 23, 2025
xMcKinsey & Company | xBCG | +200 individual & group coachings | feel free to schedule a 15 min intro call for free

hey, 

love the initiative—it’s exactly the kind of thinking that sets a strong foundation. your framework sounds solid! I’d make sure you're always covering: market trends (macro + micro), customer segmentation and behavior, value chain positioning, unit economics, and major strategic shifts in the industry. also, layering in competitor moves (esp. recent ones), regulatory context, and internal capabilities (tech, talent, ops) helps deepen the view. using a combo of MECE structuring and tools like Porter’s 5 Forces, SWOT, and value driver trees usually works well in MBB-style work. happy to take a look at your version if you want!

best, Alessa 😊

Anonymous A
on Jun 23, 2025
Hey Alessa,

Really appreciate your thoughtful feedback - you’ve highlighted exactly the areas I’ve been aiming to strengthen. I completely agree that weaving together market trends, customer behavior, value chain positioning, and unit economics forms a powerful base.

I’d love for you to take a look at the framework I posted - would be great to hear where you think it’s strong and where I could push it further.

Looking forward to your thoughts!
16 hrs ago
#1 Rated McKinsey Coach | Top MBB Coach | Verifiable success rates

Hi there, 

Overall, this is super comprehensive and it's certainly useful to have created something like this if you are able to refer to it in your mind during the interview.

However, you won't be able to deploy something like this during the actual interview for practical reasons - it's way to large and to broad to enable an actual conversation with the interviewer. 

The key to a great framework is tailoring - you need to bring in the specific elements that speak directly to the context of the client. 

Best,
Cristian

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