Business Consulting @ Kaiser Permanente

When applying to top consulting firms, one of the most crucial stages of the interview process is the case interview. This format is designed to assess your analytical competencies, problem-solving skills, and ability to think strategically under pressure. Let's take a look at what to expect.   Structure of a Case InterviewA case interview is a 30-minute simulation of a typical business project that consultants may have worked on. Cases provide a real example of an on-the-job experience and the assumption is that if a candidate is successfully able to tackle a case interview, he or she is also more likely to be a successful management consultant.Case studies are the most important and usually the longest part of consulting interviews. In addition to the case study, the interview typically includes introductory small talk, a personal fit interview, and closing questions (see the illustration below).Many companies review and standardize their consulting cases prior to a real interview to ensure that the case is neither too difficult nor too easy. Companies also ensure that a variety of skills are tested during the interviews. The Typical Flow of a Case InterviewThe case interview typically follows a structured flow to ensure that both the interviewer and the candidate cover all necessary aspects of the business problem. It involves the following phases:1. Case Presentation and Problem UnderstandingTo start off, the interviewer will present a specific business problem or scenario. This could range from market entry considerations, to profitability issues, or organizational changes. The problem is usually based on real-world business issues that the consulting firm dealt with in the past.You are expected to listen carefully, take notes, and clarify any points that are not clear to fully understand the scope and context of the problem.2. Framework DevelopmentAfterwards, you outline a structured approach or framework to tackle the problem. Common frameworks include the SWOT analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, or the 4P's, with which you can structure your information. This step demonstrates your ability to break down complex issues into manageable parts.However, keep in mind that it is not enough to simply memorize the standard framework concepts. While standard frameworks are useful for a rudimentary outline of a case problem, they need to be optimized and adapted to the individual case. Don't worry, as this is a skill you can develop, but it definitely requires thorough preparation and practice. Once you have crafted your structure, clearly explain your framework to the interviewer, ensuring he or she understands your thought process and logical flow.3. Analysis and Problem SolvingNext, you dive into the analysis. During the interview, your interviewer may provide additional data, charts or exhibits. Analyze this information to support your framework and build your argument. Formulate hypotheses based on your analysis and test them against the data provided. If needed, adjust your approach based on your new findings.During the quantitative analysis, perform the necessary calculations to support your findings. This could include market sizing estimations, profitability calculations or a cost analysis. Good mental math skills will definitely help in this phase. 

The model of the "Five Dysfunctions of a Team" comes from the business novel of the same name by Patrick Lencioni. The author, an experienced consultant in team development, tells the story of a tech company that was once successful – until the team began to fall apart. Lencioni shows how certain patterns can hinder a team – leading to a real crisis.Especially in study projects, group work, or later in your career (especially in consulting), it’s important to recognize these dysfunctions – and actively address them. Teamwork is more than task division. It thrives on trust, clarity, and real collaboration.Here are the five main dysfunctions – and how to avoid them. The Five Dysfunctions of a TeamLack of Trust: Without trust, little happens in a team. If you hide weaknesses or uncertainties instead of addressing them openly, no real collaboration occurs. Teams that allow vulnerability perform better, learn faster, and use everyone’s strengths. Trust is the foundation – and without it, all problems follow.Fear of Conflict: It might sound strange, but good teams argue constructively. Avoiding conflict often leaves things unsaid, causing tension and frustration. Open and respectful discussions lead to the best ideas.Lack of Commitment: When decisions aren’t made clearly or collectively, commitment suffers. Why should you commit to a goal you didn’t agree on? Open discussions and clear commitments ensure everyone is truly on board.Avoidance of Accountability: Accountability works only when clearly assigned. When no one knows who’s responsible for what, the “someone else will do it” problem arises. Set clear responsibilities and hold each other accountable.Inattention to Results: What matters most is what you achieve together. If personal egos or career goals take over, focus is lost. This is crucial in consulting teams, where results are measurable. Keeping the bigger picture in mind makes all the difference. Actively Addressing the DysfunctionsBuild Trust: Openness, honesty, and vulnerability lay the foundation for trust.Promote Constructive Conflict: Respect different viewpoints and encourage open communication to turn tensions into productive debates.Make Clear Decisions and Commit to Them: Transparent decisions and commitment ensure accountability.Take Responsibility and Demand Accountability: Ensure everyone takes responsibility and holds each other accountable.Prioritize Team Goals: Put the team’s goals first and make sure personal interests don’t hinder collaboration. What Does This Mean for You as a (Future) Consultant?In consulting, success rarely happens alone. Projects are complex, require teamwork, and are often under time pressure. Without trust, suppressed conflicts, or unclear accountability, projects can fail.Lencioni’s model helps you spot these patterns early – and take action. Openness, accountability, respect, and shared goals are not just “nice to haves” but true success factors. Especially in consulting, where you work with many stakeholders.