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McKinsey Case: Digital & Vegan Restaurant Franchise: MECE Structure

Dear Community,

I have a question regarding the "McKinsey Case: Digital & Vegan Restaurant Franchise" from the library. I had to come up with a structure for this case in a Preplounge meeting yesterday. The structure I used was similar to the one in the solutions, however I divided it into internal and external like this: internal: Prices, Food & beverages provided, It system efficiency & maintenance, Marketing, Franchising (can we find good franchisees for our business ect.) and external: Customer (Disposable Income, Customer Confidence, Trends), Competition, Regulations (about wages and taxes). I got the feedback from the person I cased with that she is unsure whether this framework is MECE. She pointed out that f.ex. Price could be depended on the Market and Competition so she is unsure whether it is correct to put it into the internal bucket if the other topics are under external. Same for Marketing. Am I wrong? Should I have not used the internal/ external structure? In the solutions there are just 5 different points listed but I just wanted to separate it to make it easier for me to think about it instead of just randomly listing 5 points... How should I have structured it to make it actually MECE?

Thank you!

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Tommaso
Coach
edited on Mar 31, 2026
Ex-McKinsey | MBA @ Berkeley Haas | No-nonsense coaching

Hi there!

Love the continuous improvement focus you are showing here! That's a key trait of a good consultant :)

Let me give you my perspective in a "structured" way:

1. Is your structure MECE? I would say it's OK, maybe 6/10. 

It's generally OK, but I don't love the fact that we have a lot of market-related elements in a few different buckets or sub-buckets (e.g., Franchising, Trends, Competition would all figure out under the "Market Analysis" section of a McKinsey deck). 

2. Is your structure improvable (outside the MECE point)? Mh, I definitely think so!
A few aspects that would have sounded sub-optimal to a McKinsey interviewer:

  • Internal and External are not categories that a McKinsey team would use to structure their analysis in real life. Int and Ext are very simple terms that might be used for specific problems/issues in the case, but are a bit too generic for the whole structure
    --> General approach: ask yourself: "Could my buckets and sub-buckets be the titles of a McKinsey client deck?". If not, you are not defining a clear direction for your analysis
  • You are not respecting the golden rule of 3-4 points for each category. People tend to lose focus after a few points (it's just hard to remember 5-6 items in a list!)
    --> General tip: your interviewer should be able to repeat, or at least remember, the framework you gave them
  • From your points, I am missing the fundamental questions that every McK consultant would try to understand before suggesting an investment: how profitable can this business be (in case of Corporate VC, before and after synergy), and what is the price? A business can score 10/10 on all the categories you mentioned, but be a terrible VC investment!
    --> General tip: to avoid boiling the ocean, ask yourself: "Is my structure answering the 2-3 most important questions?"
     

3. How would a McKinsey consultant handle this structure? My suggestion below (and my explanation in italics). I like this because it truly replicates the proven structure that I used for my VC clients at McKinsey

  1. Market
    1. Size and growth rate
    2. Typical profitability
    3. Competitive landscape
      --> Let me first understand whether this is a good market to invest in
  2. As-is target company (incl. profitability)
    1. Strategic (Product types, Customer/Price segments, Ops & Distribution)
    2. Financial (Revenue, Costs, Valuation)
      --> Let me take a look at the current situation of the company (as-is, or stand-alone in the case of Corporate VC)
  3. Expected operational improvements
    1. Revenue improvements
    2. Cost improvements
      --> Let me see if the investor can bring operational improvements or generate value
  4. Risk assessment
    1. Market-specific
    2. Target-specific
      --> Lastly, let me assess potential risks. Yes: market figures here again, but it's 100% expected

Hope this helps, and good luck on your journey!

Tom

Anonymous
35 min ago
Hi,

Thank you for your answer. However the specific question was: What do you think are key factors which would influence how VegDigi will perform economically in the next 5 years? Would you still use your suggested framework? I believe the question is more about VegDigi itself and not about the VC incl synergies ect?
Profile picture of Tommaso
Tommaso
Coach
7 min ago
Ex-McKinsey | MBA @ Berkeley Haas | No-nonsense coaching
Hey Anonymous,

Thanks for clarifying. I started from the prompt of the case you mentioned: "Our client has engaged us to help them to determine whether or not to make an investment into the VegDigi". The suggestion above is indeed the structure I would use for the whole case :)

Just FYI, the "What do you think are key factors which would influence how VegDigi will perform economically in the next 5 years?" should be treated as an additional qualitative question that comes after you have structured the whole case (and should not substitute the structure to answer the case prompt, which is your client's mandate!). Not sure if your peer interviewer followed this path or not, but this is what every MBB interviewer would do.

If we treat this as a *second, short and qualitative question*, I think your structure is still "OK, but improvable". Internal and External can be used in this context; however, the MECE point about market-related elements in a few different buckets or sub-buckets remains, and there are so many elements that you might be boiling the ocean. Personally, I would have chosen clear categories as
- Product and Price Mix: I want to understand what kind of product offering we expect to have in the future, whether the average ticket is sustainable in terms of demand, and whether our offering can sustain a profitable cost-structure
- Footprint and Customer Growth (or 'Scale'): this is a business that needs economies of scale to be profitable, so I want to see how many stores we can open, if we can increase customers per store, and how good the economics of the franchising expansion are
- Competition: I want to understand whether we have a sustained competitive advantage over our competitors and whether we can build barriers to entry

Since the question mentioned "key factors" and "economically", I chose focus over quantity. E.g., Is regulation important? Probably not a top-3 concern in this space (where you have to respect basic food safety rules, but you do not have to get approval from Antitrust to open a new shop or product line).